![]() Immunity against SARS-CoV-2 – current understanding to understand vaccine effectiveness, monitor the impact of variants of concern ( VOCs) and estimate prevalence of infection.to inform if a patient is likely to benefit from monoclonal antibody (laboratory-made antibodies that attack the virus) treatments in hospital.Testing for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies has several uses: A person with antibodies is highly likely to be protected against severe disease. Therefore it is not possible to give individuals a binary answer as to whether they are fully protected from COVID-19, merely that they are better protected than if they had no antibodies. It is highly likely that higher antibody levels are more protective than lower antibody levels however, the ‘correlate of antibody derived protection from infection’ – the titre of anti- S neutralising antibody to prevent viral infection (sterilising protection) – for SARS-CoV-2 is unknown. It is not yet known what level of antibodies are protective against infection. In immune naive people, antibodies are made from 4 days post infection or immunisation (exposure) and become reliably detectable within 20 days of symptom onset, but can take longer. anti- S positive confirms previous infection and/or response to vaccination. ![]()
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